The explanation of the 13 attributes of Allah

[alsunna]

Bismillah, Praise be to Allah, the Lord of the worlds, to Him belong the endowments and the befitting perfections and commendations. I ask Allah to raise the rank of Prophet Muhammad, sallallahu ^alayhi wa sallam, and to protect his nation from that which he fears for it, Thereafter:

The saying that Allah, ta^ala, exists without a place is the belief and the creed of the Messenger of Allah, sallallahu ^alayhi wa sallam, the Companions and the True Salaf and Khalaf, those who graciously followed them, and it shall be until the Day of Judgment. The proof of this precious statement is what Allah said in the Qur'an, in Surat ash-Shura, ayah 11 which means: "There is nothing like Him and He has the attribute of Hearing and Seeing." This ayah absolutely and totally clears Allah of resembling the creation. It comprises that Allah, ta^ala, is different from the creations in the Self, Attributes, and Doings. Hence, it shows that Allah, ta^ala, exists without a place, because the one who exists in a place would, by nature, be composed of atoms, i.e., he would be a body, occupying a space, and Allah, ta^ala, is clear of occupying spaces.

Al-Bukhariyy, al-Bayhaqiyy and Ibn al-Jarud related that the Messenger of Allah, sallallahu ^alayhi wa sallam, said which means: "Allah existed eternally and there was nothing else." This hadith proves that Allah was alone in al-'azal, (the status of existence without a beginning,) i.e., before creating any of the creation. There was nothing with Him: no place, no space, no sky, no light, and no darkness. It is determined in the rules of the Religion and the judgments of the sound mind that Allah, the Exalted, does not change. Hence, it is impossible that after having been existing without a place, He would become in a place, because this is a development, and the development is a sign of needing others, and the one who needs others is not God.


The explanation of the attributes of Allah is as follows:

Existence: It is obligatory to believe that Allah exists and that there is no doubt in His Existence.He exists without a place.Time does not lapse on Allah.

Oneness: Allah is One without any partners.He is One in His Self, His Attributes, and His Actions.

Eternity: Allah is Eternal; there is no beginning to His Existence.He has existed since before the creation.

Everlastingness: Allah is Everlasting; His existence does not come to an end.He does not perish.

Non-neediness of others: Allah does not need any of His creations and they are all in need of Him.

Power: Allah has Power over everything.

Will: Everything that occurs in this world is by the Will of Allah.

Knowledge: Allah knows about all things before they occur.

Hearing: Allah hears all what is hearable, without an ear or any other organ.

Sight: Allah sees all what is seeable, without a pupil or any other organ.

Life: Allah is alive without a soul, skin, or heart.His Life is not similar to ours.He is alive and does not die.

Speech: Allah's Speech (Kalam) is without a tongue or lip.His Speech is not in a language, Arabic or anything else.His Speech does not resemble the speech of the humans.

Non-resemblance to the creations: Allah does not resemble the creations.

Allah knows best.